Studies on Monocot Flora Of Azad Area of Lakhimpur Distric,Assam ,Department of Botany,
L.T.K.College by Tapan Payeng
Imtroducttion
A flora is a systematic enumeration of plant species occuring in a given area and ideally provides keys, description and often illustration. Flora deals with native plants and gives first impressions on the flowering plants of the given area and provides scope for the study with interdisciplinary significance. It may cover any suitable area from a small patch of a forest to a block, city, district, state, country or even a continent.
Cotyledons are an important part of the embryo found in a seed. When the seed germinates from the soil cotyledons are the first to emerge. Cotyledons are differentiated into two types; Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons.
Monocotyledons are commonly known as monocots, are flowering plants whose seeds typically bears only one embryonic leaf or cotyledons.
For the identification of a monocot plant the following characteristics are required such as fibrous and adventitious roots arising from the base of the stem, leaves with parallel venation, herbaceous stem, trimerous flowers, with closed and irregular distribution of vascular bundles in stem, absence of secondary growth etc.... They also have several other characteristics such as flowering plants in multiples of three i.e, it means they could have three, six or nine petals or they could have sepals that may up their flowers.
Monocot comprises of about 67,000 species. Monocot not only include the largest grass family i.e Poaceae (9000 species) but also the largest orchid family i.e Orchidaceae (20,000 species). Again the Cyperaceae family also comprises large number of species (5000 species).
The study area, Azad area of Lakhimpur District of Assam, houses a huge space of natural resources. Many monocot species are occuring, where their proper identification, nomenclature and other phenological behaviour are still lacking. Keeping this in mind, the present work on the monocot flora of Azad area of Lakhimpur District has been undertaken; the species have been studied in live population.
Objective
• To study the diversity of monocot flora of Azad area of Lakhimpur District.
To know the proper nomenclature, identification and distribution along with other phenological data of the species.
Materials and Method
.Collection of plant materials:
The present study of the floristic diversity of Azad area of Lakhimpur district was based on plant collections done since August 2019 to March 2020. Plants were collected from the area stage and therefore repeated field survey was undertaken in most of the areas. Accordingly, specimens were collected, special attention was given to observe and record the field information such as location, habit and habitat, date of collection, morphological characters, flowering and fruiting periods, local names etc. were noted down in the field note book.
Identification:
The collected plant species were studied along with their morphological characters.
• Photoplates:
Photographs of almost all the specimen are also been collected.
• Study area:
The study area has been carried out for Azad area of Lakhimpur district, Assam. Azad is a village in Lakhimpur Tehsil in Lakhimpur district of Assam state. The latitude and longitude is 26°48'N and 93°42′E respectively..
Result:-The present study on "Monocot flora of Azad" was undertaken from August 2019-March 2020 to record the floristic wealth of the study area.
• The study deals with a total of 80 species belonging to 47 genera included in 14 families. They are listed below:
